Roadmap - Measure

The Measure phase in Lean Six Sigma is where practitioners move from defining the problem to quantifying it. This phase builds the baseline performance and ensures the data collected is reliable enough to support root cause analysis later.

🛤 Roadmap for the Measure Phase (DMAIC)

1. Develop a Data Collection Plan

  • Identify what to measure (aligned with CTQs from Define phase).

  • Decide how to measure (tools, frequency, sampling strategy).

  • Assign responsibility for data collection.

2. Validate the Measurement System

  • Conduct Measurement System Analysis (MSA) to ensure accuracy and consistency.

  • Use tools like Gage R&R for repeatability and reproducibility.

  • Confirm that data sources are trustworthy.

3. Collect Baseline Data

  • Gather quantitative data on current process performance.

  • Focus on key metrics: defect rates, cycle times, costs, throughput.

  • Ensure enough data points for statistical validity.

4. Visualize the Data

  • Use histograms to show distribution.

  • Apply Pareto charts to highlight major contributors.

  • Create control charts to assess process stability.

  • Scatter plots to explore relationships between variables.

5. Assess Process Capability

  • Calculate Cp and Cpk indices to measure how well the process meets specifications.

  • Compare baseline capability against CTQ requirements.

  • Identify gaps between current performance and desired outcomes.

6. Document & Communicate Findings

  • Summarize baseline performance in clear visuals.

  • Share insights with stakeholders to prepare for the Analyze phase.

  • Update the Project Charter with validated metrics.

⚡ Key Outputs of the Measure Phase

  • Approved Data Collection Plan

  • Validated Measurement System

  • Baseline metrics (defect rates, cycle times, etc.)

  • Process capability analysis (Cp, Cpk)

  • Visual data displays (Pareto, histograms, control charts)

🔑 Why It Matters

  • Accuracy first: Reliable data prevents false conclusions in analysis.

  • Baseline clarity: Establishes a “before” picture to compare improvements against.

  • Customer focus: Ensures measurements align with CTQs identified in Define.